15 April 2018 | ZEROGeoengineering.com | Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change | IPCC, 1999 – J.E.Penner, D.H.Lister, D.J.Griggs, D.J.Dokken, M.McFarland (Eds.)

“The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was jointly established by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in 1988 to: (i) assess available information on the science, the impacts, and the economics of, and the options for mitigating and/or adapting to, climate change and (ii) provide, on request, scientific/technical/socio-economic advice to the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).”

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Aerosol Emission and Formation in Aircraft Plumes

Aircraft jet engines directly emit aerosol particles and condensable gases such as water vapor (H2O), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and organic compounds, which lead to the formation of new, liquid (volatile) particles in the early plume by gas-to-particle conversion (nucleation) processes. Other gas-phase species and charged molecular clusters (chemi-ions, or CIs) are also generated at emission, including nitric acid (HNO3) and nitrous acid (HNO2). Emission and formation of H2SO4 depend on fuel sulfur content, or sulfur emission index [EI(S)], and the conversion fraction of fuel sulfur to H2SO4.

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IPCC Report Aviation and the Global Atmosphere UNEP

Aviation_Global_Atmosphere UNEP